What is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder (formerly known as manic depression) is a serious psychiatric condition characterised by episodes of extreme mood disturbance — alternating between periods of elevated mood (mania or hypomania) and depression. These episodes can be severely disabling and, without appropriate treatment, can have profound consequences for relationships, career and physical health.
Bipolar disorder requires specialist psychiatric expertise for accurate diagnosis and long-term management. It is frequently misdiagnosed as unipolar depression, anxiety or personality disorder — particularly in its early stages. Dr Sivasanker has extensive experience in the assessment and management of bipolar disorder across the full spectrum.
With the right treatment — typically combining mood-stabilising medication, psychological support and lifestyle management — the vast majority of people with bipolar disorder can live full, productive lives.
Signs & Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Manic Episodes
Elevated or irritable mood, decreased need for sleep, grandiosity, racing thoughts, increased activity and risk-taking behaviour.
Depressive Episodes
Low mood, loss of energy and interest, poor concentration, hopelessness and, in severe cases, suicidal ideation.
Mood Cycling
Periods of relatively normal mood between episodes. The pattern, frequency and duration of episodes varies widely between individuals.
Sleep Disruption
Sleep disturbance is a key feature of bipolar disorder — often dramatically reduced in mania and excessive in depression.
Impulsivity
Impulsive behaviour during manic episodes, including financial decisions, relationship choices and substance use.
Cognitive Effects
Difficulties with concentration and memory, particularly during mood episodes, which can affect occupational functioning.
Watch: Bipolar Disorder Explained
Bipolar Disorder — Frequently Asked Questions
There is no blood test for bipolar disorder — diagnosis is based on a careful clinical assessment of current and past symptoms, personal and family history, and the pattern of mood episodes. Dr Sivasanker conducts thorough assessments and will take time to explore your history in detail before making a diagnosis.
The mainstay of treatment is mood-stabilising medication — most commonly lithium, valproate or lamotrigine. Atypical antipsychotics are also frequently used. The choice of medication depends on the individual's pattern of illness, other medical conditions and personal preferences. Dr Sivasanker will discuss all options with you.
Absolutely. Many people with bipolar disorder live full, successful and rewarding lives. With the right treatment, monitoring and lifestyle adjustments, episodes can be minimised or prevented. Regular psychiatric follow-up is important for long-term stability.
There is a significant genetic component to bipolar disorder — it is more common in people who have a first-degree relative (parent or sibling) with the condition. However, genetics is not destiny and many people with a family history never develop the condition.